#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ PostgreSQL 数据库操作模块 支持基本的增删改查操作 """ import sys try: import psycopg2 from psycopg2.extras import RealDictCursor except ImportError as e: print(f"错误: 无法导入 psycopg2 库,请确保已安装: pip install psycopg2-binary") print(f"详细错误: {e}") sys.exit(1) class PostgreSQLDatabase: """PostgreSQL 数据库连接和操作类""" def __init__(self, host='localhost', port=5432, user='postgres', password='', database='postgres'): """ 初始化 PostgreSQL 连接参数 :param host: 数据库主机地址 :param port: 数据库端口 :param user: 用户名 :param password: 密码 :param database: 数据库名(默认postgres系统数据库) """ self.host = host self.port = port self.user = user self.password = password self.database = database self.connection = None def connect(self): """建立数据库连接""" try: self.connection = psycopg2.connect( host=self.host, port=self.port, user=self.user, password=self.password, database=self.database, cursor_factory=RealDictCursor, connect_timeout=5 ) return True, "PostgreSQL 连接成功" except Exception as e: return False, f"PostgreSQL 连接失败: {str(e)}" def execute(self, sql, params=None): """ 执行 SQL 语句 :param sql: SQL 语句 :param params: 参数(可选) :return: 执行结果 """ if not self.connection: return False, "未连接到数据库" try: with self.connection.cursor() as cursor: cursor.execute(sql, params) # 判断是查询还是修改操作 if sql.strip().upper().startswith(('SELECT', 'SHOW', 'WITH')): result = cursor.fetchall() # 转换为字典列表 return True, [dict(row) for row in result] else: self.connection.commit() return True, f"影响行数: {cursor.rowcount}" except Exception as e: self.connection.rollback() return False, f"执行失败: {str(e)}" def list_databases(self): """列出所有数据库""" if not self.connection: return False, "未连接到数据库" try: with self.connection.cursor() as cursor: cursor.execute("SELECT datname FROM pg_database WHERE datistemplate = false ORDER BY datname") result = cursor.fetchall() databases = [db['datname'] for db in result] return True, databases except Exception as e: return False, f"获取数据库列表失败: {str(e)}" def use_database(self, database): """切换到指定数据库(需要重新连接)""" if not self.connection: return False, "未连接到数据库" try: # PostgreSQL 需要重新连接来切换数据库 self.connection.close() self.database = database return self.connect() except Exception as e: return False, f"切换数据库失败: {str(e)}" def close(self): """关闭数据库连接""" if self.connection: self.connection.close() self.connection = None return "PostgreSQL 连接已关闭" return "连接已经关闭"